國外電磁輻射最新資訊(世界各城市電磁輻射環(huán)境質(zhì)量和最新信息)

Court allows T-Mobile(美國的一個公司) to continue work on cell tower at upper East Side condos


摘自NewYirk Daily News  紐約每日新聞

BY Oren Yaniv
DAILY NEWS STAFF WRITER


Related NewsT-Mobile to offer FREE phonesResidents of a ritzy upper East Side condo are stuck with unsightly cell towers on their building's roof after a Manhattan judge allowed T-Mobile to continue installing the antennas.
居民反對在屋頂建基站天線

Construction work was put on hold after owners at Salem House on E. 81st St. sued their condominium board and the wireless company, arguing the apparatus - put in without tenants' consent and surrounded by ominous warning signs - is bad for their health.

The towers are on the common, frequently used rooftop "only feet away from outdoor terraces of the penthouse units," the suit claimed back in March. Condo owners asked for $60 million in damages in addition to having the project scrapped.

T-Mobile, which already has spent $270,000 on the work, countered that the signs are required by the federal Communications Commission, and besides, only the FCC has control over telecommunications facilities.

Supreme Court Justice Louis York agreed.

In a decision published this week, he allowed the work to go on for now.

"This Court has seen no basis to assume that the installation of these facilities will cause harm to the users of the roof," he wrote. "But even if such harm were provable, injunctive relief would be denied" because federal law takes precedence.

法庭裁定樓頂建基站對居民有害這一說法無根據(jù)

The project is still grounded, however, due to a pending stop-work order issued by the Buildings Department after contractors punctured a partition, records show.

Lawyers for both parties declined comment on the ongoing case.

Rooftop cell towers have been a bone of contention in recent years, with many city dwellers worried about radiation. But no clear proof that the towers are harmful has been presented to date.

Residents at the tony 160-unit condominium said they're being paid a measly $16 a month for the inconvenience, and many were miffed at the ugly antennas, which can potentially devalue their homes.

"It's an inconvenience," said Srdjan Stojanovic, who has lived there for 12 years. "The roof-deck is something for people to enjoy."

美國洛杉磯Northridge（諾斯里奇）Decision on Northridge cell phone tower stalls
     在諾斯里奇建發(fā)射塔的決定暫停執(zhí)行
DELAY: Proposal won't go forward until T-Mobile presents case to neighborhood council.
By Tony Castro, Staff Writer
Posted: 07/20/2010 09:02:09 PM PDT
Updated: 07/20/2010 09:03:34 PM PDT

Plans to erect a cell tower atop a building in Northridge were put on hold Tuesday as T-Mobile officials agreed to wait for the formation of a new neighborhood council that will weigh in on the project.

     兄弟議會繼續(xù)對工程進行權(quán)衡

At a public hearing, city zoning administrator Maya Zaitzevsky said she would withhold her decision until next month on a request for a conditional-use permit for the project at Saticoy Street and Louise Avenue.


    舉行公眾聽證會，城市分區(qū)管理員Maya Zaitzevsky將暫停建基站發(fā)射塔的決定


The Northridge South Neighborhood Council, which the city certified in May, will hold its board of directors elections July 29, and T-Mobile officials said they will ask to make a presentation before that body.

Neighborhood councils do not have the power to deny the cell tower applications, officials said, but any objection could weigh heavily in the city's determination.

            議會沒有權(quán)力拒絕發(fā)射塔應(yīng)用的決定，但是必須權(quán)衡城市公眾和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的決定

Representatives for T-Mobile said they look forward to presenting their case to the new neighborhood council and, at the hearing, defended the company's plan.

"T-Mobile did follow the guidelines and rules set forth by the Los Angeles Municipal Code," said Walter Gaworecki, a local contractor representing T-Mobile.
                  T-Mobile公司的反映

Several residents spoke in opposition to the proposed tower, raising concerns about potential health issues from radiation emitted from the powerful signals.
                    居民反對建基站發(fā)射塔

State and local governments, though, are prevented by the 1996 Telecommunications Act from considering health concerns in locating wireless facilities.
                                   法律依據(jù)，電信法 Telecommunications Act
Resident



Clifton J. Burwell said T-Mobile has already saturated the surrounding communities with cell towers. He also claimed the telecommunications company has not been candid in identifying all its nearby facilities, nor has it explored other potential locations. Burwell and other residents also complained about plans to erect the tower atop a commercial building, saying it will be an eyesore that will hurt property values.
"If this 10-foot tower goes up, it's going to look terrible," Burwell said. "It'll ruin the whole area."
                     塔準備建在商業(yè)建筑高層樓頂，  塔的高度10-foot
Resident Sandy Patten, the neighborhood watch block captain, said she has informally surveyed some 30 neighbors about the proposed cell tower.

"We live in an extremely tight neighborhood," she said. "I honestly couldn't find one person who thought this was a good idea."

How much radiation does your cell phone emit?



(你手機電磁輻射SAR值是多少呢)
Do u think you know the answer. It’s easy to find out the answer thanks to the Environmental Working Group’s new online guide to cell phone emissions.

The non-profit research and advocacy group ranked over 1,000 different cell phones according to radiation levels. It looked at the publicly available, but difficult to find, specific absorption rate (SAR) for each phone. SAR is a measure of how much radiation is absorbed by the body when the phone is sending a signal to the network. (Your phone only emits radiation when you talk or text.)

The jury is still out on whether cell phone radiation is harmful to human health, but it certainly won’t hurt to limit your exposure to cell phone radiation when you can. “The data is still conflicting and the science isn’t settled,” says Jane Houlihan, research director at EWG. “But there is enough evidence now that it makes sense for people to take personal action while the teams of scientists and health agencies sort through the data.”

Houlihan also points out that health agencies in six different countries are warning people to cut their exposure to cell phone radiation, particularly when it comes to children.

Taking personal action can be as simple as adding radiation emissions to the list of criteria you use when purchasing a new cell phone, especially when it’s for your child.

How much of a difference can choosing a low-radiation phone make? High-radiation cell phones on EWG’s list emit eight times more radiation than those on the low end of the spectrum.

10 best phones (lowest radiation)

1. Samsung Impression (SGH-a877)
2. Motorola RAZR V8
3. Samsung SGH-t229
4. Samsung Rugby (SGH-a837)
5. Samsung Propel Pro (SGH-i627)
6. Samsung Gravity (SGH-t459)
7. T-Mobile Sidekick
8. LG Xenon (GR500)
9. Motorola Karma QA1
10. Sanyo Katana II

10 worst phones  (highest radiation)

1. Motorola MOTO VU204
2. T-Mobile myTouch 3G
3. Kyocera Jax S1300
4. Blackberry Curve 8330
5. Motorola W385
6. T-Mobile Shadow
7. Motorola C290
8. Motorola i335
9. Motorola MOTO VE240
10. Blackberry Bold 9000

Can’t find your phone? Check the entire list of 1,000 phones or search for your model. If your cell phone isn’t on EWG’s list, then search the Federal Communications Commission website to get your phone’s SAR value. You can then compare it to the models in EWG’s guide to see how it stacks up against the competition.

Buying a new cell phone isn’t your only option for limiting your exposure to cell phone radiation. Keeping your phone away from your head and body is the best thing you can do.

Here are some tips adapted from EWG’s guide to reducing cell phone radiation exposure:

* Use speakerphone or a headset. There’s no consensus on whether it’s safer to go with a wired or wireless headset, but headsets emit less radiation than cell phones.

* Send text messages instead of talking. Phones use less power and therefore emit less radiation to send text than voice. It also keeps radiation away from your head.

* Stay off the phone when you have a poor signal. Your phone will emit more radiation to get the signal to the tower when there are fewer signal bars on your phone.

http://www.newtypeenergy.com

Residents express concern over SmartMeter radiation居民對SmartMeter的輻射表示擔憂

Just before Josh Hart stepped into today's California Public Utilities Commission meeting to join a group of people protesting PG&E's ongoing installation of SmartMeters, Hart sold his cell phone.

His concerns about cell phones are the same concerns he has about SmartMeters -- namely, he's worried that the electromagnetic radiation emitted by these wireless technologies will have long-term, detrimental health effects.
"We're just flooding our environment with electromagnetic radiation," he said. And we're doing it, he added, without understanding the potential health consequences of that deluge.
SmartMeters are advanced utility meters that wirelessly communicate usage information to customers and utility companies. PG&E has scheduled installations of them for all of their customers by mid-2012.
There is no opt-out for customers who do not want a SmartMeter installed, according to PG&E spokesman Jeff Smith.
Hart is part of a growing movement of people calling for a moratorium on PG&E SmartMeter installations because of concerns over electromagnetic radiation exposure.
At today's public utilities commission meeting, Hart and about 15 others -- some who said they suffer from electro-hypersensitivity caused by frequent exposure to electromagnetic waves from cell towers and other wireless technologies -- spoke to the commissioners about their concerns.
The California Pacific Utilities Commission allowed PG&E to install the meters in July 2006 because, they said, the meters would give customers detailed information about their own energy usage and encourage them to cut down. But Hart, an environmental activist, said the program is a "false solution" to climate change.
Ever since the utility company began installations in November 2006, the SmartMeter program has raised a smorgasbord of concerns, including a number from customers who claimed they were overcharged by their new meters.
After the utilities commission, PG&E and various consumer advocacy groups received these complaints, the commission launched an investigation into the accuracy of the meters.
In mid June, San Francisco City Attorney Dennis Herrera asked the utilities commission to halt PG&E's SmartMeter program in the city until that investigation is complete.
An increasing number of counties in the Bay Area are following suit, including Santa Cruz and Marin counties. Many cite issues with meter accuracy as their main concern.
Speakers at today's protest said the radiation could contribute to everything from cancerous tumors to autism.
"I'm just really, really appalled at what I've heard," Hart said.
But Smith, of PG&E, said the World Health Organization has reviewed the issue in depth and concluded there was no connection between low-level electromagnetic emissions and negative health effects.
Smith also said the radiation emissions from SmartMeters are less than those of many common household appliances, including computers.
PG&E complies with Federal Communications Commission regulations "by a very wide margin," he said.
When asked why there is no opt-out option for customers who prefer not to have the meters installed, Smith said the company doesn't believe an opt-out is necessary.
"If customers have concerns, we encourage them to call us," he said.
As of today, Hart will no longer be able to make that call from a cell phone. When he handed the cell phone to a buyer he met on Craigslist this morning, Hart said he felt a little guilty.
It felt, he said, like handing someone a pack of cigarettes. But if he didn't sell her the phone, "She'll just go buy one somewhere else," he said.

(Copyright 2010 by Bay City News, Inc. Republication, re-transmission or reuse without the express written consent of Bay City News, Inc. Is prohibited.)


PG&E's SmartMeter 介紹

United States

Jurisdictions such as California are actively pursuing the same technology.[14] On July 20, 2006, California's energy regulators approved a program to roll out conventional meters retrofit with communications co-processor electronics to 9 million gas and electric household customers in the Northern California territory of Pacific Gas and Electric(PG&E). These meters report electricity consumption on an hourly basis. This enables PG&E to set pricing that varies by season and time of the day, rewarding customers who shift energy use to off-peak periods. The peak pricing program will start out on a voluntary basis, and the full rollout is expected to take five years.[15]

The smart grid also allows PG&E to give customers timing and pricing options for upload to the grid (see vehicle-to-grid).

The largest municipal utility in the U.S., the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP), has chosen to expand its advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) serving its commercial and industrial (C&I) customers. LADWP has already purchased 9,000. The utilities’ commercial and industrial customers may tailor their daily energy consumption around the data provided by the smart meters, thus creating potential for reducing their monthly electricity bill and, at a broader level, contributing to global energy conservation.

Austin Energy, the nation's ninth largest community-owned electric utility, with nearly 400,000 electricity customers in and around Austin, Texas, began deploying a two-way RF mesh network and approximately 260,000 residential smart meters in 2008. More than 165,000 two-way meters have been installed by spring 2009, and integration with AE's meter data management system is underway. A previous project in 2002 exchanged approximately 140,000 mechanical meters for smart meters at residential apartments, condos, and other high meter density locations.[16]

Centerpoint Energy in Houston, Texas is currently in the deployment stage of installing smart meters to over 2 million electricity customers in the Houston-Metro & Galveston service locations. Current estimated completion of CenterPoint Energy's smart meter deployment is 2012.[17] In October of 2009, the U.S. Department of Energy awarded a $200 million dollar grant for use in deployment of Centerpoint Energy's smart meter network.[18]

Oncor Electric Delivery, based in Dallas, Texas is currently deploying smart meters to over three million customers in North Texas. Oncor’s full deployment is scheduled to be complete by the end of 2012. The Oncor Advanced Metering System (AMS) currently supports 15 minute interval data, remote disconnects, and a Home Area Network (HAN) using ZigBee Smart Energy Protocol 1.0. The AMS supports text messages, pricing signals, and load control to the home user through the Smart Meter Texas Portal which is a joint project by Oncor, CenterPoint, and AEP Texas under the direction of the Texas Public Utility Commission. [19] [20] [21]

Radiation from cell towers below set limits: BSNL

The Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) has asserted that radiation levels emitted by cell phone towers across the city are way below the limits prescribed by the government and the general public has nothing to be worried about.

The general public awareness is mostly perception-based and not facts-based, observed General Manager (Network Operations) N. Govindarajulu here on Wednesday.

In fact, there was a greater risk from mobile phones compared to cell phone towers as radiation emitted from tower antennas is scattered across a wider area unlike cell phones, explained Srinivas Rao, Deputy General Manager (Network Planning).

BSNL measured radiation levels at the base of the Secunderabad Telephone Exchange recently and found that parameters were 1/100th to 1/1,000th of the limits set by the government. “This is at least 1,000 times less than the power radiated from radio or television stations,” he said.

The parameters, power density, electric field and magnetic field, were measured with an instrument, Radio Frequency-Electromagnetic Field Strength meter procured from the United States.

In the wake of public apprehensions on radiation from cell phone towers, the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has directed different service providers to submit radiation levels of their towers. All providers are expected to meet the prescribed limits and DoT officials can check the levels at point of time, said Mr. Govindarajulu.

BSNL officials also claimed that antennas across the city were placed at a height of 20 metres from the ground level although the safe distance prescribed by the government was 4.6 metres (900 MHz). It is the specific absorption rate (the amount of radiation retained by body) that should be taken into consideration. Radiation is dangerous when it burns the cells in the body, they explained.

Authoritative websites for details on radiation:

http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs193/en/index.html

http://www.iarc.fr/

http://www.iegmp.org.uk/

http://icnirp.de/

Keywords: mobile phone towers, radiation emission, radiation hazards

BSNL公司介紹

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (Hindi: भारत संचार निगम लिमिटेड) (known asBSNL, India Communications Corporation Limited) is a state-ownedtelecommunication enterprise in India. BSNL is the fourth largest cellular service provider, with over 63.45 million customers as of March 2010 and the largest land line telephone provider in India. Its headquarters are at Bharat Sanchar Bhawan, Harish Chandra Mathur Lane, Janpath, New Delhi. It has the status of Mini Ratna, a status assigned to reputed public sector companies in India.BSNL is India's oldest and largest Communication Service Provider (CSP).[citation needed] Currently has a customer base of 90 million as of June 2008.[3] It has footprints throughout India except for the metropolitan cities of Mumbai and New Delhi which are managed by MTNL. As on March 31, 2008 BSNL commanded a customer base of 31.55 million Wireline, 4.58 million CDMA-WLL and 54.21 million GSM Mobile subscribers. BSNL's earnings for the Financial Year ending March 31, 2009 stood at INR 397.15b (US$7.03 billion) with net profit of INR 78.06b (US$ 1.90 billion). BSNL has an estimated market value of $ 100 Billion. The company is planning an IPO with in 6 months to offload 10% to public in the Rs 300-400 range valuing the company at over $100 billion.

Contents [hide] 1 Services 2 Administrative units 2.1 Telecom Circles 2.2 Metro Districts 2.3 Project Circles 2.4 Maintenance Regions 2.5 Specialized Telecom Units 2.6 Production Units 2.7 Training Institutions 2.8 Other Units 3 Present and future 4 Challenges 5 See also 6 References 7 External links

[edit]Services

This section may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards.Please improve this section if you can. (January 2010)

BSNL provides almost every telecom service in India. Following are the main telecom services provided by BSNL:

• Universal Telecom Services : Fixed wireline services & Wireless in Local loop (WLL) using CDMA Technology called bfone and Tarang respectively. As of December 31, 2007, BSNL has 81% marketshare of fixed lines.

BSNL Mobile

Prepaid Mobile

• Cellular Mobile Telephone Services: BSNL is major provider of Cellular Mobile Telephone services using GSM platform under the brand name BSNL Mobile[4]. As of Sep 30, 2009 BSNL has 12.45% share of mobile telephony in the country[5].

[url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fileataone.PNG][/url]

BSNL Broadband

• Internet: BSNL provides internet services through dial-up connection (Sancharnet) as Prepaid, (NetOne) as Postpaid and ADSL broadband (BSNL Broadband). BSNL has around 50% market share in broadband in India. BSNL has planned aggressive rollout in broadband for current financial year.

• Intelligent Network (IN): BSNL provides IN services like televoting, toll free calling, premium calling etc.

• 3G:BSNL offers the '3G' or the'3rd Generation' services which includes facilities like video calling etc.

• IPTV:BSNL also offers the 'Internet Protocol Television' facility which enables us to watch television through internet.

• FTTH:Fibre To The Home facility that offers a higher bandwidth for data transfer.This idea was proposed on post-December 2009.

[edit]Administrative unitsBSNL is divided into a number of administrative units termed as telecom circles, metro districts, project circles and specialized units, as mentioned below:[edit]Telecom Circles

• Andaman & Nicobar Telecom Circle
• Karnataka Telecom Circle
• Jharkhand Telecom Circle
• Bihar Telecom Circle
• Andhra Pradesh Telecom Circle
• Assam Telecom Circle
• Chhattisgarh Telecom Circle
• Gujarat Telecom Circle
• Haryana Telecom Circle
• Himachal Pradesh Telecom Circle
• Jammu & Kashmir Telecom Circle
• Jharkhand Telecom Circle
• Karnataka Telecom Circle
• Kerala Telecom Circle
• Madhya Pradesh Telecom Circle
• Maharashtra Telecom Circle
• North East-I Telecom Circle
• North East-II Telecom Circle
• Orissa Telecom Circle
• Punjab Telecom Circle
• Rajasthan Telecom Circle

[edit]Metro Districts

• Calcutta
• Chennai

[edit]Project Circles

• Eastern Telecom Project Circle
• Western Telecom Project Circle
• Northern Telecom Project Circle
• Southern Telecom Project Circle
• IT Project Circle, Pune

[edit]Maintenance Regions

• Eastern Telecom Maintenance Region
• Western Telecom Maintenance Region
• Northern Telecom Maintenance Region
• Southern Telecom Maintenance Region

[edit]Specialized Telecom Units

• Data Networks
• National Centre For Electronic Switching
• Technical & Development Circle
• Quality Assurance

[edit]Production Units

• Telecom Factory, Mumbai
• Telecom Factory, Jabalpur
• Telecom Factory, Richhai
• Telecom Factory, Kolkata

[edit]Training Institutions

• Advanced Level Telecom Training Centre
• Bharat Ratna Bhim Rao Ambedkar Institute Of Telecom Training
• National Academy of Telecom Finance and Management
• Regional Telecom Training Centres
• Circle Telecom Training Centres
• District Telecom Training Centres

[edit]Other Units

• Telecom Stores
• North East Task Force
• Telecom Electrical Wing
• Telecom Civil Wing

[edit]Present and futureBSNL (then known as Department of Telecom) had been a near monopoly during the socialist period of the Indian economy. During this period, BSNL was the only telecom service provider in the country (MTNL was present only in Mumbai and New Delhi). During this period BSNL operated as a typical state-run organization, inefficient, slow, bureaucratic, and heavily unionised. As a result subscribers had to wait for as long as five years to get a telephone connection.The corporation tasted competition for the first time after the liberalisation of Indian economy in 1991. Faced with stiff competition from the private telecom service providers, BSNL has subsequently tried to increase efficiencies itself. DoT veterans, however, put the onus for the sorry state of affairs on the Government policies, where in all state-owned service providers were required to function as mediums for achieving egalitarian growth across all segments of the society. The corporation (then DoT), however, failed miserably to achieve this and India languished among the most poorly connected countries in the world. BSNL was born in 2000 after the corporatisation of DoT. The efficiency of the company has since improved. However, the performance level is nowhere near the private players. The corporation remains heavily unionised and is comparatively slow in decision making and implementation.Management has been reactive to the schemes of private telecom players.Over the past five years BSNL's management is not able to absorb Group A(ITS) officers,who are working in BSNL as borrowed staff.This has considerably reduced the ability of management to take risks and get rewarded in open telecom field. Though it offers services at lowest tariffs, the private players continue to notch up better numbers in all areas, years after year. BSNL has been providing connections in both urban and rural areas. Pre-activated Mobile connections are available at many places across India. BSNL has also unveiled cost-effective broadband internet access plans (DataOne) targeted at homes and small businesses. At present BSNL enjoy's around 60% of market share of ISP services.[6]

Year of Broadband 2007

2007 has been declared as "Year of Broadband" in India and BSNL is in the process of providing 5 million Broadband connectivity by the end of 2007. BSNL has upgraded existing Dataone (Broadband) connections for a speed of up to 2 Mbit/s without any extra cost. This 2 Mbit/s broadband service is being provided by BSNL at a cost of just US$ 11.7 per month (as of 21/07/2008 and at a limit of 2.5GB monthly limit with 0200-0800 hrs as no charge period). Further, BSNL is rolling out new broadband services such astriple play.
BSNL is planning to increase its customer base to 108 million customers by 2010. With the frantic activity in the communication sector in India, the target appears achievable.
BSNL is a pioneer of rural telephony in India. BSNL has recently bagged 80% of US$ 580 m (INR 2,500 crores) Rural Telephony project of Government of India.[7]On the 20th of March, 2009, BSNL advertised the launch of BlackBerry services across its Telecom circles in India. The corporation has also launched 3G services in select cities across the country. Presently, BSNL and MTNL are the only players to provide 3G services, as the Government of India has completed auction of 3G services for private players.BSNL shall get 3G bandwidth at lowest bidder prices of Rs 18,500 crore,which includes Rs 10,186 crore for 3G and Rs 8313crore for BWA.[One crore is 10 million.]BSNL management has paid this money under protest seeking refund.BSNL has also launched a Entertainment Portal called BSNL Hungama Portal from where subscribers could download contents like music, music videos for free and also download or play various games online. Only Tamil,Kannada,Telugu & Hindi are provided at present. Hopes are there that the database could be expanded. BSNL charges a fixed monthly subscription fee for this function.[edit]ChallengesDuring the financial year 2008-2009 (from April 1, 2009 to March 31, 2009) BSNL has added 8.1 million new customers in various telephone services taking its customer base to 75.9 million. BSNL's nearest competitor Bharti Airtel is standing at a customer base of 62.3 million. However, despite impressive growth shown by BSNL in recent times, the Fixed line customer base of BSNL is declining. In order to woo back its fixed-line customers BSNL has brought down long distance calling rate under OneIndia plan, however, the success of the scheme is not known. However, BSNL faces bleak fiscal 2009-2010 as users flee[8]Presently there is an intense competition in Indian Telecom sector and various Telcos are rolling out attractive schemes and are providing good customer services.Access Deficit Charges (ADC, a levy being paid by the private operators to BSNL for provide service in non-lucrative areas especially rural areas) has been slashed by 20% by TRAI, w.e.f. April 1, 2009.[9] The reduction in ADC may hit the bottomlines of BSNL.BSNL launched 3G services in 12 cities of country in 2nd march 2009.MTNL which operates in Mumbai and Delhi first launched 3G services in these cities.[10][edit]See also

[url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fileortal-puzzle.svg][/url]	[url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portalelhi]Delhi portal[/url]
	Companies portal

• Sancharnet
• BSNL Broadband
• CellOne

[edit]References

• ^ "Financial Tables". BSNL Investor Relations. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
• ^ "Dealing with a double whammy". May 13, 2006. Retrieved 2009-10-15.
• ^ Airtel on way to becoming India’s largest telco
• ^ BSNL Mobile
• ^ http://www.trai.gov.in/WriteReadData/trai/upload/Reports/49/Report7jan10.pdf
• ^ Reliance Life Insurance
• ^ The Hindu News Update Service
• ^ BSNL faces bleak fiscal as users flee
• ^ Trai slashes ADC by 37%, ILD calls to cost 20% less- The Week That Was-The Sunday ET-ET Features-The Economic Times
• ^ http://www.techshout.com/telecom/2009/02/bsnl-3g-services-launched-in-12-cities-in-india/

[edit]External links

• BSNL Corporate Official site
• BSNL Support Forum
• BSNL Caller Tune Site
• BSNL Hungama Portal

對該公司的介紹部分來自于在線大百科全書

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharat_Sanchar_Nigam_Limited

這個夢，最后一張圖太有規(guī)律了

Strongsville Schools will reassess cell phone tower placement(美國，OHIO州)斯特朗斯學(xué)校考慮基站發(fā)射塔重新選址

STRONGSVILLE -- Strongsville Schools officials announced Wednesday night that they are reassessing the placement of a cell phone tower on Pearl Road because of concerns from nearby residents.

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Business Services Director Robert Morton requested Wednesday at the Board of Zoning and Building Code Appeals that a variance request for the 190-foot monopole be tabled.

The variance request would have allowed Clearwire LLC to construct a tower between two service buildings on school property at 15650 Pearl Road.

(在兩棟高層之間建鐵塔)

District officials and school board members will reassess the plan to see if a better location might be found for the tower, Morton said. If no other suitable site can be found the district may aproach the BZA again about granting the variance.

The BZA meeting was packed with concerned residents who opposed the tower's construction.

Many residents raised concerns that the tower would be an eyesore. Lunn Road resident Robert Ogle said the tower would spoil the view from his home.

許多居民反對，影響景觀

"I don't know anyone who would want to look out from their backyards and see that," he said.

Lunn Road resident Anne Baldwin said the tower could negatively impact home values in the neighborhood.

"Potential buyers who drive by a home up for sale will see the tower," she said. "They'll probably just say to themselves, 'On to the next listing.'"

Many residents also raised concerns that the presence of cell phone towers are dangerous.

居民也對危害表示關(guān)心

Longtime Oxford Drive resident Joan Meel said that the high frequency wireless waves admitted by the tower could be dangerous, especially to children.

"This tower is being placed near the high school and we really don't know what the cancer risks are or the brain tumor risks are," she said.

However, Assistant Law Director Dan Kolick said federal law prohibits municipalities from turning down zoning requests for cell phone towers based on health concerns.

Other residents said they felt Strongsville had enough cell phone towers already. They cited the presence of several towers around Strongsville, including the wires on top of the water tower.

Clearwire representative John Sindyla said the tower is being built simply because cell phone carriers need the tower to provide adequate coverage to customers. The increased use of smartphones -- which have text messaging and internet access -- means that carriers need more antennas to provide service.

"This tower is going to cost Clearwire upwards of $300,000 to be built," he said. "We're building it because carriers need to provide coverage for that area and we don't have any other options. If there was a 10-foot building in the area we would be more than happy to place wires on that."  

The tower would also provide a source of revenue to the cash-strapped school district. Sindyla estimated that the district will receive $500,000 in revenue from Clearwire over the course of 30 years for the tower.

AT&T(美國公司), which has expressed interest in placing a wire on the tower, would add another $750,000 in revenue over 30 years.

If other carriers join the tower, they will add even more revenue, Sindyla said.

學(xué)校鏈接

[url=http://www.strongnet.org/scs/site/default.asp]http://www.strongnet.org/scs/site/default.asp

Mobile base stations safe, Turkish research reveals土耳其研究顯示，移動基站是安全的

[size=1.3em]Turkey’s Information and Communication Technologies Authority says the wireless and ADSL internet networks, high voltage lines, and even the sun are spreading a more dangerous amount of electromagnetic waves than base stations serving mobile phone networks. BTK’s Izmir director says public opinion prefers the relocation of the base stations to areas outside cities, however this might result in limited communication quality

[size=1.1em]The Turkish public opinion is suspicious of mobile phone base stations. However, a recent study shows they are not dangerous at all. Hürriyer photo

Turkey’s Information and Communication Technologies Authority, or BTK(土耳其信息和通信技術(shù)權(quán)威), has measured the radiation level in almost 90 percent of mobile phone base stations in Turkey(測量了土耳其90%的基站), concluding that none of the stations exceeded the 41 volt per meter limit which render them safer than the sun itself,（沒有一個超出41V/m） contrary to public opinion.

BTK took environment measurements of 32,140 base station towers of all 45,479 in the entire country and only regions with high voltage lines, or 2 percent of all electromagnetic area, were discovered to have 10-20 volts per meter, (有高壓線的地方偏高)or v/ms, of radiation. While in nearly a third of the towers tested the value was 4 to 10 v/ms,(三分之一基站監(jiān)測范圍在4到10V/m之間) in 64 percent it was between 0 and 4 v/ms.

Speaking to Anatolia news agency, BTK İzmir Regional Director Namık Aşıla said 2,000 v/ms was detrimental to human health, causing a one degree-Celsius warming in the human body, while the World Health Organization determined that one-50th of this figure (41 v/ms) is the threshold value. “We have reduced the threshold value to 10 v/ms for each base station. And we rarely saw 5 v/ms in our measurements. Generally, the values are far less,” Aşıla said.Aşıla said that even if all of the mobile phone base stations in a region were shut down, there would still be a 1.8 v/m radiation level in the environment, due to the electromagnetic power of the sun, adding that electromagnetic waves spread by the sun were more dangerous than base stations. He noted that public opinion preferred relocation of the stations to areas outside cities, however this might result in limited communication quality. No evidence of dangerAşıla said that mobile phones were smart gadgets and they could automatically arrange the electromagnetic spread according to distance from networks, reducing the amount if the station tower was near and increasing if it was distant. He added that even schools and churches abroad had base stations installed and that there was no evidence that they were harmful, despite various studies conducted since GSM technology became widespread in the 1990s. Aşıla pointed out that base stations only created “visual contamination,” and as they looked like chimneys they were having a “psychological effect” on public opinion regarding their danger.“We considered environmental factors while we took our measurements,” he said. “The highest value was detected in the Pınarbaşı region in [the western province of] İzmir, which is an industrial region. (最高值在一個工業(yè)區(qū)域發(fā)現(xiàn))We detected around 9 v/ms electromagnetic spread in the region, but when we arrived there, we saw no base station towers.（然而在附近卻沒有看到基站） All there was were energy transportation lines and industrial vehicles.”（是高壓線和工業(yè)汽車產(chǎn)生的）Aşıla pointed out that two indispensible facilities in our lives, wireless and ADSL, spread a more dangerous amount of electromagnetic waves, adding that when one puts a laptop computer on one’s knees, “it is like you have seven or eight base stations on your legs.”

Work begins on Causeway cell phone tower
SPANISH FORT, Alabama -- Commuters going back and forth across Mobile Bay will soon see a cell phone tower spring 150 feet skyward on the Causeway in Spanish Fort.
Site preparation began last week on the north side of Battleship Parkway and drilling for the tower's foundation could start as soon as today or Wednesday, said Lester Boihem, owner of Two-Way Communications Inc. of Orange Beach.
Boihem estimated it will take three days of drilling for the foundation, then the concrete can be poured. Weather permitting, the tower foundation may be in by the end of the week, he said. The concrete then has to cure for seven days.
"It'll only take them one day to put up the tower. It's only 150 feet. It'll be quick. We have everything ready to go," he said.
The planned tower is rated to withstand storm surges along with 150-mph sustained winds and gusts of more than 200 mph, according to Boihem.
In an effort to blend in with other buildings in the area, the structure housing the equipment will be camouflaged to look like a single-story cabin, according to Boihem and an artist's rendering.
"It's going to look like an old fishing camp," he said. "It's not going to look like a cell site."
Barring any problems, he expects the tower to start handling cell phone traffic in October, possibly as early as September.
Boihem said he has signed contracts with AT&T, Cellular South and T-Mobile and has notified Verizon that he received a permit to build. He said he also contacted Sprint Nextel Corp., but was told the company has sufficient coverage in the area.
If additional carriers want to use the tower, the structure can be raised another 30 feet, according to Boihem. Cell phone companies are deploying 3G and 4G networks, which require more antennae on towers to accommodate the need for greater bandwidth, but he doesn't expect the tower to fill up, he said.
"There's always something that could happen but I would say there's a 99 percent chance that nobody will be able to show need for another site," he said of the tower's capacity.
On July 19, the Spanish Fort City Council voted 6-0 to rezone a piece of property on the north side of Battleship Parkway near Delta Fish House (formerly Oysterella's Seafood Restaurant) and R&R Seafood from an R-1 residential area to a T-1 telecommunications tower district to allow construction of the cell phone tower. Two-Way Communications received its permit later that week, according to a city official, and went to work on the land last week.
The start of construction marks the end of a drawn-out battle between Two-Way and Johnson Communication, which had hoped to be the company building the long-awaited tower.
September will mark two years that Boihem has been working on the project.
"I know it took a long time but (city officials) were very thorough," Boihem said.
In 2008, city officials rejected a request by a subsidiary of AT&T to build a 180-foot tower on the site of a former gas station. AT&T currently has a small, temporary tower there.
Last year, Boihem worked out a deal to build on the WLVV property, which Archangel Radio planned to purchase. In September, the council voted in favor of rezoning a parcel adjacent to the radio station, where two AM radio towers already exist. But the radio station property was instead purchased by Buddy Tucker Association Inc., who partnered with Johnson Communications to build a tower there, according to Bruce Renkert, a planning commission member and building official.
Johnson Communications, however, was unable to get a permit because the company couldn't meet a requirement justifying the need for its tower by showing committed carriers, according to city officials.
Renkert said that he hopes Two-Way's tower is operational by the end of October.
No additional towers are expected unless someone can prove there is a need, Renkert said.

Journal Staff Writer
Earlier this year, Cox Communications sought approval to build three towers in Coventry similar to this one in Exeter.
The Providence Journal / Bob Breidenbach

Cell-phone towers have become so common across the landscape in Rhode Island — showing up along highways, on school and church grounds and on hilltops — they no longer seem to spark much opposition.

Except in Coventry, where a group of families says it doesn’t want one.

The families have organized to protest the decision of the Town Council to permit a cell tower at Coventry High School near their homes.

Kevin Hitt, a schoolteacher in Cranston, is leading the movement to get the council’s decision reversed. He and his neighbors are gathering signatures and stuffing mailboxes with fliers to alert other residents. They plan to present their petition to the council at its next meeting on July 19. They want a re-vote on the issue.

“I really don’t think they belong on school grounds,” said Hitt.

Hitt and his neighbors said they worry about the health and safety of their children because, they say, cell-tower equipment can emit radiation. They also are concerned that a cell tower would destroy the character of the neighborhood, and that putting a cell tower on school property is inappropriate.

They are also upset that the council voted to approve two of three sites for new cell towers — one on Reservoir Road at the high school and another behind Town Hall, on Flat River Road — before holding a scheduled information meeting by Cox Communications.

Council members said the Cox meeting was only meant to address neighborhood concerns over the cell tower going up at the third proposed site, Hopkins Hill Elementary School, on Johnson Boulevard. The council did not approve the proposed tower at Hopkins Hill.

Residents say they believe the council should not have voted on any of the tower sites until after Cox gave its presentation.

Hitt has sent a letter to the Office of the Attorney General, asking if the Town Council violated state open meeting laws. If the council doesn’t reverse its decision about the high school site, Hitt said he will bring the matter to legislators.

“Let’s not let this happen again. Let’s not start putting one up at Washington Oak [school], at Tiogue [school] … and really start flooding the area,” Hitt said. “If I can prevent this from happening again, then I feel like we’ve done our jobs.”

Earlier this year, Cox sought approval to build communications equipment towers at three sites, at Hopkins Hill Elementary School, 95 Johnson Blvd.; at 40 Reservoir Rd., roughly 160 feet from the high school; and at the Public Works Department at 1672 Flat River Rd. The same proposal had been presented to the School Committee a month earlier. School Committee Chairwoman Katherine Petanaude said the panel endorsed the Cox proposal.

Amy Quinn, a spokeswoman for Cox Communications, said that since last year, the company has received local approvals to construct wireless antennas statewide for Cox Wireless, its new wireless phone and mobile high-speed Internet service. Quinn would not divulge how many approvals have been granted or where the equipment will be in Rhode Island.

To address neighbors’ concerns about the proposed cell tower at the Hopkins Hill site, Cox brought in an expert in radio-frequency energy to give a presentation and a report regarding safety.

Coventry has been a popular location for cell towers; there are seven towers or monopoles in its 64 square miles, with one more approved for construction. None of those have been built by Cox. The two newest equipment towers proposed by Cox and approved by the council would be about 120 feet tall and would contribute a combined $130,000 annually to Coventry.

Many residents, including some near the proposed sites, attended the April 12 Town Council meeting where the Cox proposal for towers on the three sites was discussed. They voiced their opposition, but council members said they felt that most of the criticism was directed at the Hopkins Hill school site.

Hitt and others said they presented a united front against the entire proposal, particularly at all the school sites. Cox had technical difficulties in presenting a slide show about the towers at that meeting, so the council postponed its vote. Cox agreed to hold an informational meeting, which was advertised in local papers for April 28.

The council, at its next meeting on April 26, approved the other two sites, but voted down the Hopkins Hill school site at a subsequent meeting. Voting against it were Councilmen Glenn Shibley and Kenneth Cloutier, who said, “They were putting the cell tower, literally, next to the building, right in the middle of the playground.”

Regarding the high school site, Cloutier said he didn’t like it, but he also felt there didn’t appear to be strong opposition. Now, however, he said if the council reconsiders its vote at the high school site, he would vote against it.

Council President Raymond Spear said a contract with Cox has already been signed. He doesn’t believe the council can do anything about it.

Man dies jumping off cell tower
Police continue to investigate BASE jumping incident
By Tracy Agnew (Contact) | Suffolk News-Herald
Published Friday, July 16, 2010

One man is dead and another faces trespassing charges after the two BASE-jumped from a cell phone tower in Suffolk early Friday morning.

Jason James Tompsett, of the 5000 block of School Road in Virginia Beach, was charged with one count of trespassing after the incident. The 30-year-old male victim of the fatality has been identified, but his name is being withheld at the request of the military so his family can be notified.

According to a city press release, Tompsett contacted police just before 5 a.m. Friday to report an injured person. He gave emergency responders directions to the remote location. The victim was dead when emergency crews arrived, city spokeswoman Debbie George said.

The 259-foot tower is located down a gravel road about ¼ mile off the 4000 block of Godwin Boulevard. It was constructed in June 2005, and is owned by Boston-based American Towers, Inc.

Both Tompsett and the victim are U.S. Navy SEALs and are members of East Coast-based SEAL teams, the release said.

Neighbors said Friday that they saw lights in the area before 5 a.m., which is unusual. They also saw a white truck going into and out of the area Thursday night, and saw a similar truck being towed away from the scene after Friday’s incident. The tower is surrounded by trees on three sides.

BASE jumping, an extreme sport, gets its name from an acronym for the four types of objects jumpers leap from — buildings, antennas, (bridge) spans and earth.

Police do not yet know what type of error or malfunction, if any, led to the man’s death, George said. According to BlincMagazine.com, an online BASE-jumping resource, striking the object one is jumping from is the most frequent cause of BASE-jumping fatalities. Other common causes include waiting too long to pull the parachute cord and using improper gear.

This is not the first recorded incident of BASE jumping in Suffolk. On Sept. 30, 2009, three people were seen jumping from a WVEC television tower near the intersection of Nansemond Parkway and Shoulders Hill Road in North Suffolk.

That incident knocked out electric service to more than 450 Dominion Virginia Power customers. Witnesses reported that one of the jumpers may have been injured, because another jumper picked him up and placed him in their vehicle before leaving the scene. Police never tracked down those suspects, George said Friday.

Also, on April 11, 1981, an incident occurred in Suffolk that is widely believed to be the first death in the history of modern American BASE jumping.

William Harmon died that day after jumping from one of the city’s 1,000-foot antenna towers, according to Blinc Magazine. Harmon was blown into a guy wire, and his chute collapsed, sending him falling to his death.

Cell towers on buildings only if majority agree

Starting today, if your co-operative housing society wants to set up a mobile tower on the terrace, it will have to convene a general body meeting in which 70 per cent of the residents will have to agree to the proposal.



This was announced by the Minister of State for Environment, Sachin Ahir, in the Maharashtra legislative council.

Proactive Mumbaikars have been demanding that the government frame rules for setting up mobile towers in the city.

Raising concern over the mushrooming mobile towers across the city, Shiv Sena MLC Dr Deepak Sawant questioned why the government had not devised a mechanism to monitor and take action against illegal cellphone towers and the state has not studied the disadvantages of electromagnetic radiation emitted by these towers.

Responding to this question, Ahir said that the government had already set up a high power committee under the Additional Chief Secretary (health), which also includes a radiologist and a neuro-physician from Tata Hospital, Principal Secretary (Urban Development Department), secretaries (Environment Department, Maharashtra Pollution Control Board and Public Works Department) and scientists from Bhabha Atomic Research Centre.

While pointing out that the committee has already held two meetings, Ahir added, “By the end of July, we expect a report from the committee. Based on this report, we will try to make changes in the existing Maharashtra Regional Town Planning Act after due discussion with the Urban Development Department.”


The minister also admitted that out of the 3,429 towers across the state, only 1,500 are legal and yet there is no legal provision to take action against the illegal towers.

Ahir said, “We are also planning to bring in measures so that these towers are not permitted to come up near hospitals and school campus.”

A year ago, JJ Hospital had turned down an offer from cell service providers to install towers inside the 43-acre campus.

The refusal had come after the Dean set up a three-member expert committee, which found the health risks were far too many to be ignored.

Though the contents of the report have remained confidential, the decision to keep out the towers from the hospital was damning enough.